不同农林景观配置模式小流域生态服务功能价值评估

摘要

Taking the watersheds of Jinfoping,Wuliwan,Miaozuigou,and Gaoxigou as research objects,which represented four different agroforest landscape configuration schemes in loess hilly regions,followed the standards of the "Specifications for Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services in China",the service values of the eocological system were assessed from the aspects of water and soil conservation,carbon fixation,oxygen release,nutrient accumulation,air quality purification,and biodiversity conservation.The results showed that the total values and the values per unit areas of four watersheds were 2 477.5 × 104 yuan · a-1 and 71 102.9 yuan· hm-2 · a-1 for Jinfoping,3 851.7× 104 yuan· a-1 and 654 766.6 yuan· hm-2 ·a-1 for Wuliwan,4 919.6X104 yuan · a-1 and 67 612.1 yuan · hm 2 · a-1 for Miaozuigou,and 2 652.7×104 yuan · a-1 and 56 570.0 yuan · hm 2 · a-1 for Gaoxigou,respectively.The values of ecosystem service functions were mainly manifested by soil conservation,carbon fixation,and O2 release,and water conservation.For different agroforest landscape configuration schemes,the values were in the order of comprehensive ecological governance mode＞ecological governance and economic orchard mode＞ecological governance and crop grow mode＞ecological governance and orchard with crop cultivation mode.%以黄土丘陵区4种不同农林景观配置模式下的小流域为研究对象,依据林业行业标准《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》从涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、林木积累营养物质、净化大气、生物多样性保护共6个方面对其生态系统服务功能价值进行了评估.结果表明,4个小流域生态系统服务功能价值总量及单位面积量分别为:金佛坪2 477.5万元·a-1(71 102.9元·hm-2·a-1)、五里湾3 851.7万元·a 1(65 476.6元·hm-2·a-1)、庙咀沟4 919.6万元·a-1(67 612.1元·hm-2·a1)、高西沟2 652.7万元·a-1(56 570.0元·hm-2·a-1).服务功能价值以保育土壤、固碳释氧、涵养水源为主,不同农林景观配置模式的生态效益大小顺序为:林草＞“林草+果园”＞“林草+耕地”＞“林草+粮果兼作”.