不同填料对纤维素丝力学及热稳定性能的影响

摘要

以微晶纤维素、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、无水氯化锂(LiCl)为原料制备纤维素凝胶.为探究不同填料对纤维素丝力学及热稳定性能的影响,通过加入氧化石墨烯(GO)、纳米纤维素(NCC)、无水氯化钙(CaCl2)等对其进行补强,并将其制备成纤维素丝.用万能试验机、热重分析(TGA)分别对纤维素丝力学性能及热稳定性能进行研究;用红外光谱、原子力显微镜等分析方法对其结构进行表征.结果表明,GO、CaCl2和NCC等填料可以增强纤维素丝的力学强度,但GO和NCC会使纤维素丝的热稳定性能稍有降低.其中采用无水CaCl2补强纤维素丝的性能最为优越.此时的纤维素丝表面光滑,存在的缺陷少,其拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别为125.2MPa、6.3％.%Microcrystalline cellulose,N,N-dimethylacetamide(DMAc)and anhydrous lithium chloride(LiCl)were used to prepare cellulose gel.Graphene oxide(GO),nano cellulose(NCC)and anhydrous calcium chloride(CaCl2)were added to enhance its mechanical properties during the manufacturing process.The morphologies and properties of the cellulose gel were characterized by mechanical testing machine,infrared spectrometer(FTIR),thermo gravimetric analyzer(TGA)and atomic force microscope(AFM).The addition of GO,CaCl2 and NCC can improve the mechanical and thermal properties of fiber silk in a large extent.However,GO and NCC would reduce the thermal stability of cellulose filaments slightly.Particularly,the performance of the anhydrous CaCl2 is the best.With the smooth surface,the defects of fiber are less,and the tensile strength and the elongation at break are 125.2 MP and 6.3％,respectively.