凉水自然保护区不同林型地表甲虫物种多样性1）

摘要

By pitfall trapping , the experiment was conducted to investigate the species composition and quantitative distribution of ground dwelling beetles in five kinds of main forest types on Liangshui Nature Reserve and analyze the diversity variation trend of ground dwelling beetles and the effect of climate environmental factors on ground dwelling beetles.28 species are identified to seven families, and Carabidae and Silphidae are dominant families.There is no significant difference in the beetle diversity among the other four habitats except Korean pine plantation.By clustering, there are significant differences of composition and structure of ground dwelling beetles between the original Korean pine forest natural succession series and plantation.By the time dynamic of ground dwelling beetles, the diversity index, evenness index and richness index on the original Korean pine forest are relatively stable during the whole growing season, but the Korean pine plantation has significant fluctuations, diversity index of ground-dwelling beetles and richness index trends consistent in five habitats.Soil temperature has great influence on ground-dwelling beetles of all habitats, and rainfall has important regulation effects on ground-dwelling beetle community structure in the natural vegetation succession habitats.%采用巴氏罐诱法，对凉水自然保护区5种主要林型地表甲虫组成和数量进行调查，分析了该地区地表甲虫多样性的变化趋势及主要气候环境因子对地表甲虫群落的影响。结果表明：调查共诱捕地表甲虫28种，隶属7个科，埋葬甲科和步甲科为优势类群；不同林型多样性指数除人工红松林外，差异均不大；聚类分析表明，原始红松林天然演替系列林型地表甲虫群落的组成结构较人工林存在较大区别；地表甲虫群落时间动态反映出，原始红松林多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数变化趋势在整个生长季均较为稳定，而人工红松林波动较大，时间序列上各生境地表甲虫多样性和丰富度变化趋势保持一致；土壤温度对各生境地表甲虫群落均产生较大影响，降雨量对天然植被演替生境中地表甲虫群落有重要调控作用。