长期施肥对黑土有机无机复合度及结合态腐殖质的影响

摘要

Effect on long-term different fertilization on the combined forms of humus and the organo-mineral complexation of black soil were studied on the basis of long-term located experiment. The results showed that the contents of organic carbon in soil and heavy fraction and the quantity of organo-mineral complexation were increase with varying degrees under different treatments of long-term fertilization, the degree of organo-mineral complex was decrease in the same way. The contents of the loosely combined humus was richest, the contents of the stsbly combined humus was moderate, the contents of the tightly combined humus was the smallest in all fertilizer treatments. The content of the loosely combined humus, the stsbly combined humus and the ratio of loosely to tightly combined humus tended to increase and the content of loosely combined humus and ratio of loosely to stably combined humus tended to decrease under the fertilizer treatments. The fertility of soil under the chemical fertilizer treatment tended to increase in 0-20 cm layer and tended to decrease in 20-40 cm layer. The organic manure and chemical fertilizers treament improved of soil in the greatest extent, made the humus most active, the influence is stability in the two layers. The effects of the organo-mineral complexation under fertilization in 0-20 cm layer was greater than 20-40 cm layer and the effects of combined forms of humus under fertilization in 20-40 cm layer was greater than 0-20 cm layer.%以黑土长期定位试验为基础，研究长期不同施肥对黑土腐殖质结合形态及有机无机复合度影响。结果表明，长期不同施肥均可不同程度提高土壤的有机碳、重组有机碳、原土复合量，降低原土复合度。三种施肥处理的土壤结合态腐殖质以松结态为主，紧结态其次，稳结态最少。施肥提升土壤的松结态及稳结态腐殖质含量、土壤松/紧比值；降低紧结态腐殖质含量及土壤松/稳比值。单施化肥只能改善0~20 cm土层土壤肥力，在20~40 cm土层肥力降低；有机无机肥配施可最大程度改善土壤的有机无机复合状况，活化土壤腐殖质，在两个土层中影响保持稳定。施肥对0~20 cm土层有机无机复合状况影响大于20~40 cm土层，而对0~20 cm土层结合态腐殖质影响则小于20~40 cm土层。