肝癌术后并发肺部感染的危险因素分析及护理措施探讨

摘要

目的：探讨肝癌术后并发肺部感染的危险因素及相关护理对策。方法：294例行手术治疗的肝癌患者分为观察组（并发肺部感染）63例和对照组（未并发肺部感染）231例。观察两组死亡发生情况，分析术后并发肺部感染的可能危险因素，并制定相关护理对策。结果：观察组死亡率（19．05％）显著高于对照组（2．16％），差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）；两组年龄、肥胖、吸烟、脑血管意外史、既往肺部疾病、手术持续时间、术中出血量、术中血流阻断与预防性抗生素应用、术后带呼吸机及使用镇痛泵比较差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05或 P ＜0．01）。结论：年龄、肥胖、吸烟、脑血管意外史、既往肺部疾病、手术持续时间、术中出血量、术中血流阻断与预防性抗生素应用、术后带呼吸机及使用镇痛泵可能是肝癌患者术后并发肺部感染的危险因素。积极进行健康宣教、加强术前及术后护理是降低肝癌患者术后并发肺部感染的有效护理措施。%Objective:To explore the risk factors and corresponding nursing strategies for patients with hepatic cancer compli-cated with postoperative pulmonary infection.Methods:A total of 294 patients with hepatic cancer underwent surgery were divided into observation group (complicated with pulmonary infection,63 cases)and control group (without complication of pulmonary infection, 231 cases).Death conditions were observed,risk factors of postoperative complication of pulmonary infection were analyzed and corre-sponding nursing strategies were established.Results:The mortality rate was 19.05% in observation group,markedly higher than the 2. 16% in control group,and there was significant difference (P <0.01 ).There were significant differences between two groups in age,o-besity,smoking,history of cerebrovascular accident,previous pulmonary diseases,surgical duration,intra-operative hemorrhage,intra-op-erative blood-stream blockage,preventive application of antibiotics,and postoperative application of ventilators and analgesic pump (P<0.05 or P <0.01 ).Conclusion:Age,obesity,smoking,history of cerebrovascular accident,previous pulmonary diseases,surgical du-ration,intra-operative hemorrhage,intra-operative blood-stream blockage,preventive application of antibiotics,and postoperative applica-tion of ventilators and analgesic pump may be the risk factors for patients with hepatic cancer complicated with postoperative pulmonary infection.Positive health education and enhancement of pre-and postoperative nursing are effective nursing measures in reducing the postoperative complications of pulmonary infection in patients with hepatic cancer.