宁夏银川市兴庆区重性精神疾病现状调查分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the current distribution of severe mentally - diseased patients in the Xingqing District of Yinchuan city in Ningxia and to provide basic data for guiding the community prevention and rehabilitation of the severe mentally - diseased patients. Methods The method employed was a combination of clue investigation and the entire community investigation. The potential mentally diseased patients were investigated and examined one by one in different villages and communities. The statistical analysis was based on the demography characteristic and disease characteristic with the help of the analytical tool Stata 11.0. Results From January of 2010 to January of 2011, 1111 cases of severe mentally - diseased patients were found in the Xingqing District of Ningxia, with a prevalence rate of 1. 95‰ among which 964 cases were schizophrenia patients ( 1. 70‰ ). 886 cases ( 1. 82‰ ) were in the city, and 225 cases ( 3. 05‰ ) in the countryside. Difference of prevalence between city and countryside was significant( χ2 = 28. 519, P < 0. 05 ). 554 male cases ( 1. 98%e ) and 557 female cases ( 1. 92v ) were found in this investigation χ2 = 0. 274, P > 0. 05 ). The peak age of severe mentally - diseased patients was between 40 years old and 49 years old, with a prevalence rate of 2. 86‰. Conclusions Schizophrenia is the focus of the prevention and management of severe mental diseases. The rural prevalence rate of the severe mentally - diseased patients exceeds that of the urban severe mentally - diseased. We ought to adopt different measures for the prevention and treatment of the severe mentally - diseased according to the varying demographic characteristics.%目的 掌握宁夏银川市兴庆区重性精神疾病的现状分布,为指导开展重性精神疾病的社区防治和康复工作提供基础数据及干预措施.方法 采用线索调查和整群调查相结合的方法按照村、居委会、小区逐个摸底和排查,按人口学特征和疾病特征进行统计分析,数据采用Stata11.0软件分析.结果 2010年1月至2011年1月宁夏银川市兴庆区共排查出重性精神疾病患者1111例,患病率1.95‰,其中精神分裂症964例(1.70‰);城市886例(1.82‰),农村225例(3.05‰),城乡患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=28.519,P＜0.05);男性554例(1.98‰),女性557例(1.92‰),不同性别患病率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.274,P＞0.05);重性精神疾病以40～49年龄段多见,患病率2.86‰,经卡方检验,不同年龄段患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=186.783,P＞0.05),职业分布中以无业为主(576例),占51.8%.结论 精神分裂症是重性精神疾病防治重点,重性精神疾病农村患病率高于城市患病率,同时应针对不同人群特征采取不同的防治措施.