中国学龄儿童青少年心理健康状况Meta分析

摘要

Objective To understand the mental health status among children and adolescents published in the mainland of China.Methods Based on the related literature regarding mental health among children and adolescents published in China National Knowledge Infrastructure Databases (CNKI),Wangfang Databases,Chinese Biological and medical database(CBM),PubMed and Medline.Related information was extracted and the STROBE statement was used to evaluate the quality of the literature.The generic inverse variance model was applied to estimate the following parameters including rate of the prevalence,difference on distribution of the prevalence and trends of years.The sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of the quality and different diagnostic criteria.Results A total of 59 papers were included for Meta-analysis,with the whole sample size as 23599.The overall pooled-prevalence of total mental disorders among children and adolescents aged 6-18 years old was estimated at 15.6％(95％CI:13.5％-17.7％).The girls had higher prevalence rates of mental disorders than that in boys (boys:12.8％;girls:16.1％,P＜0.01).There were no statistically significant differences for subgroups of age,region and period regarding the prevalence rates of mental disorders (P＞0.05).The pooled-prevalence rate of mental disorders diagnosed by MHT (Mental health test) criteria (12.4％) was significantly lower than that diagnosed by SCL-90 (23.8％) and other diagnosed criteria (20.7％),P＜0.01.Conclusion The prevalence rate of mental disorders among children and adolescents was high in mainland China.Early screening and prevention programs on mental disorders among children and adolescents should be emphasized and promoted.%目的 了解我国学龄儿童青少年心理健康状况.方法 系统检索万方数据库(Wanfangdata)、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)中有关中国学龄儿童青少年心理健康状况调查中文文献以及PubMed及Medline数据库中的外文文献,参照STROBE声明制定文献质量评价标准,利用Stata 11.0软件采用广义倒方差模型估计心理异常的合并患病率,并对三间分布及时间变化趋势分亚组分析,采用敏感性分析评价文献质量和不同诊断标准对结果的影响.结果 共纳入文献59篇,总样本量为23599人,加权合并显示心理异常总患病率为15.6％(95％CI:13.5％～17.7％).亚组分析结果显示,男性患病率(12.8％)低于女性(16.1％)(P＜0.01).不同年龄、南北方和城乡儿童青少年心理异常患病率差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).《心理健康诊断测验表》(MHT)、《应用症状自评量表》(SCL-90)及其他标准诊断学龄儿童青少年心理异常患病率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 中国学龄儿童青少年心理异常患病率较高,提示应重视和加强对学龄儿童青少年心理健康的防治.