基于钢材断裂前必先屈服的基本事实，以钢材断裂面为屈服面后继扩大直至材料完整性(连续性)发生破坏为假设，以已有的屈服模型的共同特征为切入点，建议了各向同性钢材在主应力空间的二次函数型断裂模型和屈服模型。根据不同钢材的特征应力值，量化了各向同性钢材的二次函数型断裂模型和屈服模型。依据不同钢材的特征应力值的相互关系，建议的各向同性钢材的二次函数型断裂模型和屈服模型相应地描述为主应力空间的圆柱面、椭球面、抛物面和双曲面。建议的各向同性钢材的二次函数型断裂模型和屈服模型较已有的强度模型更具一般性。%Based on the fundamental fact that yield occurs prior to fracture in steel, and on the assumption that the fractured area can be accounted as the enlargement of yield surface until the integrity and the continuum of material fail, both the fracture model and yield model expressed with quadratic functions in the principal stress space are constructed for isotropic steels, in which the common features of the existing yield models are examined with great care. The proposed fracture model and yield model are quantified with characteristic stresses of steels of manifold types, which can be described using column surface, ellipsoidal surface, parabolic surface and hyperboloid in the principal stress space determined by the relations of characteristic stresses of steels. The presented models are more generalized and universalized than the existing yield models in that the latter is the special cases of the former.
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