氢能经济的快速发展有赖于经济可行的制氢技术。研发低成本、高性能的电催化析氢催化剂对提升制氢技术，促进氢能经济的发展具有重要意义。本文综述了近几年发展的非贵金属电催化析氢催化剂，重点介绍了基于过渡金属Fe、Co和Ni的合金、磷化物以及硫化物等电催化析氢催化剂的研究和发展情况，对它们的合成方法、结构特性、催化活性、稳定性能以及微观结构和析氢性能之间的关系进行了深入探讨。分析表明，基于过渡金属Fe、Co、Ni的催化剂尽管具有极大的成本优势，但是它们的析氢催化性能目前仍然低于贵金属催化剂，离实际应用的要求还有一定距离。随着材料、化学学科的发展、合成技术的创新以及析氢催化机理研究的深入，基于过渡金属催化剂的析氢催化性能必将取得重大突破。%abstract:The development of hydrogen energy is mainly depended on the economically feasible hydrogen production technologies. The low-cost electrocatalysts with high performance for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (heR) play an important role in improving hydrogen production technologies and thus promoting hydrogen economy. in this paper, the development of non-precious metal electrocatalysts for heR in recent years was reviewed. The discussion was focused on the electrocatalysts based on Fe, Co and ni transition metals, including their alloys, phosphides and sulifdes. especially, the synthesis, structural characteristic, catalytic activity, durability and the relationship between the structure and performance were emphasized. The results showed that these non-precious metal catalysts have low-cost advantage, however, their catalytic performance for heR is still inferior to the precious metal catalysts, and at present cannot meet the requirements of practical applications. The development of material discipline, chemistry discipline, and the innovation of synthesis as well as the understanding of hydrogen evolution reaction mechanism will greatly promote the development of these non-precious metal catalysts.
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