电磁线圈发射器垂直发射过程建模与仿真

摘要

根据同步感应线圈发射器工作原理，建立了用于垂直发射大载荷的电磁线圈发射器数学模型；以5级发射器为例，对其垂直发射过程进行了动态仿真，得到了放电回路中的电流、发射组件所受电磁力、速度及位移等参数随时间变化的特性曲线。结果表明：电磁线圈发射器（EMCL）垂直发射大载荷过程中载荷的加速过程比较平稳，电流的变化率相对较缓，为几十ms量级；发射组件速度对自身所受电磁力影响较大，随着速度增大，发射组件受到的电磁推力有所下降；随着驱动线圈级数增多，各级驱动线圈放电控制难度加大。但相比电磁线圈炮的超高速发射， EMCL用于低速发射大载荷过程的馈电控制要简单很多。%According to the working principle of synchronous induction coil launcher, mathematical model of the electromagnetic coil launcher (EMCL) for vertical launching of heavy load was established. For the instance of five-stage launcher, the dynamic simulation of vertical launching process was made. The current waves of dis⁃charge loops vs. time and the electromagnetic force, the velocity and the displacement vs. time in the launching process of EMCL were given. The simulation results indicated that the launching package was speeded smoothly, and the changing rate of current was dozens of milliseconds level. The electromagnetic force acting on the launching package was affected by its velocity, the force decreased as the velocity increases. With the number of drive coils increasing, it was difficult to control the precision discharging time of each stage and because of low speed, control of EMCL is relatively easier than electromagnetic coilgun for hypervelocity launching.