单极化圆台相控阵天线的空域极化特性

摘要

针对水平或垂直极化偶极子激励的单极化圆台相控阵天线,建立了其电扫描时空域极化特性的数学模型.理论分析和仿真结果表明单极化圆台相控阵天线的空域极化比随观测角偏离法线方向的角度单调递增,随斜面倾角增大而单调递减.同时,圆台相控阵天线的方向图与阵元极化方式、波束指向角以及观测角有关.圆台阵面规模越大,方向图和空域极化变化越丰富.以上结论为基于圆台相控阵天线空域极化特性的极化散射矩阵测量、极化滤波和抗干扰等研究提供了理论依据,为全极化圆台相控阵天线设计、极化特性分析和极化校准等研究奠定了理论基础.%For a single-polarization-truncated-cone-phaaed array antenna stimulated by horizontal or vertical polarized dipoles, the spatial polarization characteristics are modeled when the array antenna electronically scans in space. The theoretical analysis and simulations show that; the spatial polarization ratio of a single-polarization-truncated-cone-phased array mnonotonically increases as the angles between the pointing angles or observation angles and the normal increases; the spatial polarization ratio monotonically decreases as the slope angles decrease; the patterns of a single-polarization-truncated-cone-phased array are related to the polarization of array elements, the pointing angles, and the observation angles; the larger the size of a single-polarization-truncated-cone-phased-array antenna is, the more abundant the spatial polarization information is. these conclusions offer a theoretical foundation for studies such as the polarization scattering matrix measurement, the polarization filtering, and the polarimetric anti-jamming based on the spatial polarization characteristics of the single-polarization-truncated-cone-phased array, The conclusions offer a theoretical basis for the studies such as the antenna design, the polarization characteristics analysis and the polarization calibration of the full-polarization-truncated-cone array as well.