外部评价是保障学校教育质量的关键工具和手段。通过对德国巴登-符腾堡州职业学校外部评价实践的总结，凝练出五方面特点：彰显第四代评价理念，突显评价的激励改进功能；廓清与行政权力的界限，强调评价主体的多元化；构建科学合理的评价指标体系，保证评价指标的适切性；实现量的分析和质的分析相结合，增强评价过程的灵活性和弹性；统筹多重诠释辩证的评价结果，增强反馈意见的针对性。%External evaluation is the key tool and device to guarantee the quality of schools. After an overview of the external evaluation practice of vocational schools in Baden-Württemberg, there are the following five characters:highlighting the fourth generation evaluation concept and the evaluation function of motivation and improvement; drawing boundaries with executive power and emphasizing on diversity of the evaluation subjects; constructing reasonable evaluation standards systems and ensuring their compatibility;integrating quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis to enhance the flexibility and elasticity of the evaluation process; coordinating the evaluation results of multi-dialectical interpretation and strengthening the hierarchical structure of feedback.
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