1960-2008年南方地区冰冻时空分布特征

摘要

利用1960-2008年南方地区240个站点结冰日值和气温观测资料,采用回归分析、累计距平、离散功率谱、相关分析等方法,结合GIS的空间分析功能,分析该地区冰冻的时空分布特征.结果表明:从时间变化特征看,1960-2008年南方地区年平均冰冻日数呈现明显减少趋势(其中1960-1986年缓慢增加,1987-2008年则迅速减少),冰冻主要集中在1、12、2月这3个月,周期以中长周期为主,主要的潜在周期有49.0、24.5、16.3和4.1 a;从空间分布特征看,冰冻频率和冰冻强度均呈现出显著的纬度地带性和垂直地带性特征,整体趋势为由北向南逐渐下降,东西方向上两边高、中间低.%Based on the data of daily frost and air temperature in 1960-2008 from 240 stations,we analyze the te1mporal and spatial distribution of frost in southern China using regression analysis, accumulative anomaly , discrete power spectrum,correlation analysis,and GIS spatial analysis function. The result shows that in terms of the temporal variation, annual average freezing days gradually increase during 1960-1986 and rapidly decrease during 1987-2008. Frost mainly occurs in January , December and February. The potential cycles are mainly medium-long cycles,such as 49. 0,24. 5,16. 3 and 4. 1 a. In terms of the spatial distribution,frost frequency and intensity show distinct latitudinal zonation and vertical zonation,which decrease with latitude and are higher in the east and west than in the middle of southern China.