基于小生境遗传算法的风电场布局优化

摘要

The placement of wind turbines in a wind farm is optimized based on niche genetic algorithm. Two simplified oncoming flow models of the unidirectional uniform wind and the non-uniform wind are considered with variable wind directions. In order to predict a more realistic power produced by the wind farm, the modified Jensen wake model is employed to investigate the behavior of wake interactions among the wind turbines. The niche genetic algorithm is used in optimization to minimize the cost of en-ergy (COE). In addition to optimal configurations, the results include number of turbines, total power output, objective functions and efficiency of output power for each configuration. Compared with earlier studies, the present work provides more improved results, and it is suitable for the optimization of the wind turbine placement in wind farms.%基于小生境遗传算法对风电场内风力机机组的布局进行优化.在优化过程中,考虑等风速同风向和变风速变风向两种简化的入流模式,采用修正的Jensen尾流模型模拟机组之间尾流的相互干扰效应,以单位发电量所消耗的成本最低为目标,使用小生境遗传算法优化风电场机组的排布.文中给出了优化后的风电场布局轮廓图、风电场机组台数、总发电量、目标函数值以及风电场的效率.通过与以前的相关研究对比分析,表明本文的方法取得了较优的结果,可为将来真实风场的风力机排布提供参考依据.