拉丁美洲民间社会对政府发展进程的逐渐排斥，反映出南半球发展的衰竭正在许多层面和范围发生。“发展替代”只是众多“后增长”框架中的一种模式，认为人类迫切需要解决的是将经济活动限制在地球生物物理的界限内。拉丁美洲发展替代运动的出现，可以作为民间社会对四种相关的政治、社会、经济进程的反应：资源榨取发展模式的扩展及其消极影响；进步政府的醒悟并提出了发展替代方案；区域一体化面临的挑战；区域地缘政治以及巴西作为区域霸主的崛起。在草根阶层中逐渐形成的好生活、后榨取主义、本土化居住举措（团结经济等）等替代性建议取得的进展，正在超出草根阶层的范围。随着这些方案进入学术界与政界，原本以价值、原则、意识形态为基础的创议转变成技术与政策建议。拉丁美洲发展替代运动与其他区域性进程和方案的融合，表明地方政府超越国家语境把它们的问题根源追溯至全球系统。尽管依然面临着严峻的实施障碍，发展替代对于变革当今发展模式和全球经济的嵌入式假设、结构、进程和政策具有重要的潜能。%The gradual rejection of official development processes by Latin American civil society mirrors a wider exhaustion and abandonment of development taking place across many levels and scales across the Global South. Alternatives to Development are just one example of many post⁃growth frameworks that address the urgent need to limit economic activity within the biophysical limits of the planet. The emergence of Alternatives to Development in Latin America can be seen as the reaction of civil society to four interrelated political, social, and economic processes: 1. the expansion of the extractive development model despite its detrimental impacts; 2. the disillusionment with progressive governments to bring forth alternatives; 3. the obstacles facing regional integration;and 4. regional geo⁃politics and the rise of Brazil as regional hegemon. Proposals including Buen Vivir, post⁃extractivism, and local⁃level lived initiatives (solidarity economies, etc.) are gaining headway beyond the grassroots level where they first took form. As they reach academic and policy circles, proposals transform from conceptual⁃based values, principles, and ideologies into technical and policy recommendations. The convergence of Latin American alternatives with processes and proposals from other regions reveals that, beyond national contexts, local movements trace their problems to a global system. Despite facing serious obstacles to implementation, the resulting Alternatives to Development proposals have important potential for transforming the embedded assumptions, structures, processes, and policies of the development model and global economy.
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