新入职护士核心能力及影响因素研究

摘要

目的：探讨新入职护士核心能力及其影响因素，为新入职护士规范化培训及护生教育提出意见和建议。方法对重庆市某三级甲等医院2016年新入职护士进行横断面调查，以护理人员核心能力量表作为研究工具，共发出130份问卷，有效问卷122份，回收率为93.85%。结果新入职护士核心能力平均得分（3.92±0.48）分，各维度得分由高到低依次为伦理素养（4.31±0.69）分、恪尽职责（4.31±0.66）分、沟通与合作（4.06±0.73）分、关爱（4.03±0.76）分、终身学习（3.84±0.84）分、批判性思考（3.82±0.76）分、一般护理临床技能（3.69±0.72）分、基础生物医学知识（3.18±0.69）分。护理兴趣、毕业后最想在什么机构上班、毕业后的职业生涯规划、有无曾参加校内活动、有无曾担任班级职务、有无曾认真完成作业与准备考试、有无曾主动学习与新入职护士核心能力有关（P<0.05）。且对护理非常有兴趣、毕业后想投身护理工作、经常主动学习是新入职护士核心能力显著影响因素（P<0.05）。结论通过新入职护士核心能力量表有效评估新入职护士核心能力，可指导护理规范化培训及护士本、专科教育课程规划，同时为未来医院选拔护士人才提供参考依据。%Objective To research the core competence among new nurses and influencing factors , and to put forward the opinions and suggestions for regular training of new nurses and nursing students education. Methods The cross-sectional survey was performed on the new nurses in a class 3A hospital of Chongqing City during 2016. The Core Competency Inventory of New Nurses(CCINN) was used as the research tool. One hundred and thirty questionnaires were issued and 122 effective question-naires were recovered with the recovery rate of 93.85%. Results The mean score of new nurses was(3.92±0.48) points. The dimen-sional scores from high to low were in turn:ethics accomplishment(4.31±0.69)points,fulfill responsibilities(4.31±0.66) points, communication and cooperation(4.06±0.73) points,caring(4.03±0.76) points,lifelong learning(3.84±0.84) points,critical thinking (3.82±0.76)points,general clinical nursing skills(3.69±0.72) points and basic biomedical knowledge(3.18±0.69) points. The differentiated analysis revealed that interest in nursing ,what institution most wanting to work after graduation ,career planning after graduation,whether participating in the school activities,whether holding the class and grade positions,whether having effort to complete homework assignments and preparing for examinations and whether having active learning were the influence factors of core competence in the research subjects(P<0.05). Strongly interesting in nursing,wanting to devote to the nursing work after gradu-ation and often actively learning were the significantly influence factors of core competence in new nurses (P<0.05). Conclusion Effectively assessing the core competence in new nurses by using CCINN can guide the nursing standardized training and nurse undergraduate education and specialized education curriculum planning ,at the same time provides a reference for hospital selecting nurse talents in the future.