1971—2008年青岛地区雷电时空分布特征

摘要

选取1971—2008年青岛地区7个地面观测站雷暴日资料和2006—2009年闪电定位系统监测资料,统计分析青岛雷暴的时空分布规律,并以某大型石化项目为例,分析了该区域地闪的分布特征。结果表明：近38 a青岛地区雷暴日空间分布自东南向西北逐渐增多,季节性分布特征明显,主要集中在7月和8月。根据闪电定位资料,借助分析软件得出该石化项目附近雷电流强度分布图和雷电流累积概率分布曲线,进而得出对应的雷电流强度值,最大值为41.68 kA。利用闪电定位系统提供的地闪次数计算地闪密度Ng比用人工观测资料计算的结果更为客观,研究结果可为雷电灾害风险评估提供评估参数。%Based on the thunderstorm data in 7 observational stations from 1971 to 2008 and lightning monitoring data from lightning location system from 2006 to 2009 in Qingdao,the temporal and spatial distributions characteristics of thunderstorm were analyzed.The distribution characteristics of lightning in this region were also analyzed for a large scale petrochemical project as an example.The results indicate that thunderstorm days increase from the southeast to the northwest of Qingdao.Seasonal variations of thunderstorm are obvious,and most thunderstorms appear in July and August.According to the lightning location data,the distributions of current intensity of lightning and the accumulative probability of lightning current near the place of petrochemical project are obtained using a relative analysis software,and the corresponding current intensity values of lightning are also obtained.It is found that the largest value in this region is 41.68 kA.Lightning density Ng calculated by lightning data from lightning location system is more objective than that calculated by artificial observational data.The results could provide parameters for thunderstorm and lightning disaster assessment.