大同市酸雨变化特征及其与气象要素的关系

摘要

利用2007—2009年大同市酸雨资料,应用《酸雨观测规范》方法对大同市酸雨变化及其与气象要素的关系进行分析。结果表明：大同市酸雨发生频率为25.0%—36.36%,10月酸雨频率最高,达到75%;其他月份酸雨频率较低。大同市夏季酸雨强度为弱酸雨程度,而秋季酸雨频率则为最高。大同市小雨时酸雨发生频率为33.33%;中雨时酸雨发生频率为19.23%;大雨时酸雨发生频率为60.00%;暴雨时酸雨发生频率为0。由此可见,大同市在大雨天气时,酸雨出现的概率较高。随着风速的增大,降水的酸雨频率逐渐增大。大同市在S风向下的酸雨频率最高为18.60%,ESE和NNW风向下的酸雨频率较高为13.95%。通过分析大同市酸雨变化规律、气象气候条件等因素对酸雨的影响,探讨影响大同市酸雨形成的主要因素,从而为大同市酸雨污染控制提供科学依据。%Based on the acid rain data from 2007 to 2009,the characteristics of acid rain and its relationship with meteorological elements were analyzed in terms of a method provided by ＂acid rain observational criterion＂.The results indicate that the frequency of occurrence for acid rain is about 25.0%-36.36% in Datong.The highest frequency of 75% occurs in October,while the frequencies are lower in other months.The intensity of acid rain is weak in summer,and the frequency of occurrence is the highest in autumn.The frequencies of occurrence for acid rain reach 33.33%,19.23%,60.00% and 0 under light rain,moderate rain,heavy rain and rainstorm conditions.The frequency of occurrence for acid rain increases with the increase of wind speed.The frequency of occurrence for acid rain reaches 18.60% under S wind direction in Datong and this is the highest frequency in relation to the wind direction.The frequency is about 13.95% under ESE and NNW wind directions.According to the analysis of acid rain changes and their relationship with meteorological conditions,the main factors generating acid rain are identified,which could provide the scientific references and countermeasure for acid rain prevention.