404名大学生健康危险行为及其影响因素分析

摘要

目的：健康危险行为在大学生群体中普遍存在，并可引起多种社会问题。文中描述404名大学生的健康危险行为现状，分析其影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法抽取南通某大学404名学生，并使用《江苏省青少年健康相关行为调查问卷（大学版）》进行不记名问卷调查。影响因素分析采用多因素Logistic回归和相乘交互作用。结果健康危险行为在被调查的大学生中普遍存在。在调查进行前的7 d内，37．8％的学生至少有3 d运动超过60 min；30 d内骑自行车违规和步行违规行为的报告率分别为33．4％和45．3％，94．3％的学生通过不健康方式减肥；12个月内自我伤害的报告率为2．7％，2．5％的学生有自杀倾向；19．8％和69．3％的学生有吸烟和饮酒史；参与赌博、迷恋游戏及上网成瘾的报告率分别为7．4％、7．7％和11．9％；4．5％的学生曾经有过性行为。 Logistic回归分析结果显示，男生是打架、赌博、性行为和缺乏体育锻炼的危险因素；高年级是性行为的危险因素；而母亲文化程度高是网络成瘾的危险因素。不同影响因素间未发现交互作用。结论健康危险行为在大学生中广泛存在，应重视大学生健康危险行为教育，培养良好的行为习惯，提高整体健康水平。%Objective The health risk behaviors of undergraduates exist universally, which can induce other social problems. The aim of this study was to describe the present situation and analyze the influencing factors of health risk behaviors of 404 undergradu-ates. Methods Adolescent Health Related Behaviors Questionnaires were conducted in 404 undergraduates chosen from a University in Nantong by stratified cluster sampling method.Logistic regression and multiplicative interactive effects were adopted to analyze the influ-encing factors. Results Health risk behaviors were common among college students.In the past 30 days, 33.4%of students had rule-breaking behaviors in bicycle riding and 45.3%had rule breaking behaviors in walking.In the past 12 months, 2.7%of students had in-tentionally hurt themselves, 2.5%had suicidal inclination, 19.8%had smoking history, 69.3%had drinking history, 7.4%participa-ted in the gambling, 7.7%and 11.9%played video games and surfed online over 4 hours everyday, respectively, and 4.5%of students have had sex.In the past 30 days, 94.3% of students lost their weight through the unhealthy way, and 37.8%of students participated physi-cal exercise over 60 minutes for at least 3 days in the past 7 days.Lo-gistic regression indicated that male, higher grade and higher education level of the student′s mother were the risk factors of some health risk behaviors.Interactive effect was not found between the different influencing factors. Conclusion Health risk behaviors exist widely a-mong college students and more attention should be paid to risk behaviors of college students.Health behaviors should be trained among adolescents to improve their overall health level.