A number of iron matrix composites reinforced by different types of ceramic particles (SiC, Cr3C2, TiC and Ti(C, N)) were prepared by an electric current heating dynamic hot press technique and the mechanical properties of the composites were studied. The contribution of load sharing of different types of ceramic particles was investigated by Eshelby equivalent inclusion approach in order to interpret the experimental results and to reveal the strengthening mechanisms. It was found by experiments that SiC reinforcing particles show the strongest effect on improving the strength of the iron matrix composite and Cr3C2 reinforcing particles are only inferior to SiC. It is shown that the strengthening mechanisms in 10％TiC/Fe and 10％Ti(C, N)/Fe composites chiefly rely on load sharing of the reinforcements, while the strengthening mechanisms in the other two composites rely not only on load sharing of the reinforcement but also on increasing matrix strength.%采用电流直加热动态热压制备,研究了不同类型陶瓷颗粒(SiC、Cr3C2、TiC和Ti(C,N))增强铁基复合材料的力学性能,并应用Eshelby等效夹杂方法来考察不同类型增强粒子载荷传递的贡献,用以解释实验现象和揭示强化机理.结果表明,SiC颗粒对改善复合材料抗拉强度的作用最好,Cr3C2粒子次之;TiC/Fe和Ti(C,N)/Fe复合材料的强化机理以增加粒子承担载荷的方式为主,而SiC/Fe和Cr3C2/Fe复合材料的增强机理除载荷传递外,还存在增强铁基体本身强度的作用.
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