钢轨错牙接头区轮轨接触的热弹塑性分析

摘要

In order to explore the relationship between the wheel-rail sliding contact,a two-dimensional thermo-elasto-plastic finite element model of wheel-rail sliding contact is established by using ANSYS.The influence of seam height,sliding velocity and friction coefficient types on contact stress and friction temperature rise are studied.Calculation results show as follows: along with the increase of the seam height,the contact stress,friction heat,shear stress,Von Mises stress and the equivalent plastic strain are all increased,and the shear stress,Mises stress and equivalent plastic strain increase sharply when the height is increased from1.6mm to 1.8mm;similarly,they will also increase as the increase of sliding velocity,and rapid increase in 3m/s.In addition to contact stress,the maximum temperature rise,shear stress,equivalent stress and equivalent plastic strain are all increased with the constant friction coefficient.%为了探究钢轨错牙接头区轮轨滑动接触关系,利用有限元软件ANSYS建立了轮轨滑动接触热弹塑性二维有限元模型,分析了错牙高度、滑动速度以及常、变摩擦系数对轮轨间接触应力以及钢轨摩擦温升的影响.研究表明:轮轨间的接触应力、摩擦热、剪应力、等效应力以及等效塑性应变均随错牙高度增大而增大,错牙高度从1.6 mm增加到1.8 mm时剪应力、等效应力以及等效塑性应变急剧增大;轮轨接触应力等各值也随着滑动速度的增加而增大,在3 m/s时存在速率突变;最大摩擦温升、剪应力、等效应力和等效塑性应变随摩擦系数的增大而增大,但轮轨接触应力则随摩擦系数的增加而减小.