不同混养模式下中华鲟养殖池透明度变化及其影响因素

摘要

中华鲟与背角无齿蚌和鲢鳙混养的池水透明度(SD)对比试验表明,1#池(对照)、2#池(挂养背角无齿蚌)、3#池(混养鲢鳙)透明度平均值分别为11.92、16.45、17.45 cm,分别较试验本底值依次提高26.69％、56.67％、66.19％.2#、3#池的透明度显著大于1#池,最高可达1倍.3个池透明度与各水质指标关系的Panel Data模型分别为:SD1=-0.0072 TSS+0.8353 NH4+-N -2.1711 TN+0.6195 TP -0.0405 COD+16.7815,SD2=0.0030 TSS+3.8864 NH4+-N+0.1893 TN - 12.4585 TP*** -0.0104 COD+ 24.5306,SD3=0.0381 TSS*+3.7821 NH4+-N+0.6003 TN - 15.0444TP***- 0.4078 COD**+34.2992(*、**、***分别表示显著、较显著、极显著相关).TP是影响中华鲟养殖池透明度的主要指标,NH4+-N、TN、COD是影响透明度的间接指标,而TSS是影响透明度的直接指标.在悬浮物浓度较高、水体浑浊的中华鲟养殖池水体中,鲢鳙的放养对透明度的提高效果显著优于背角无齿蚌.%The results of a transparency ( SD) contrast test between different Chinese sturgeon polyculture models with freshwater mussel Anodonta woodiana and silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, bighead carp Aristichthys nobilis indicated that the average transparencies were 11.92, 16.45 , 17.45 cm which increased by 26. 69% , 56. 67% , 66.19% compared with background value before the test for pond 1 (control group) , pond 2(A.woodiana-polyculture group) , pond 3 (H. molitrix, A. noilis-polyculture group) , respectively. The overall transparency level of pond 2 and 3 were significantly higher than that of pond 1, highest reached to twice. The panel data models of three ponds' transparency and other water quality parameters were: SD1 = -0. 0072 TSS + 0.8353 NH4+ -N - 2.1711 TN + 0. 6195 TP - 0. 0405 COD + 16. 7815, SD2 = 0. 0030 TSS + 3. 8864 NH4+ -N + 0. 1893 TN -12.4585 TP***-0.0104 COD+24.5306, SD3 =0.0381 TSS* +3.7821 NH4+-N+0. 6003 TN - 15.0444 TP*** -0.4078 COD** +34.2992. Total phosphorus (TP) was the main index, with ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) , total nitrogen (TN) , chemi-cal oxygen demand (COD) as indirect ones, TSS as direct one, influencing the transparency of Chinese sturgeon culture pond.Polyculture with H. molitrix and A. nobilis excels the treatment hanging A. woodiana in transparency rise effects in the Chinese sturgeon culture pond with muddy water and high concentration of total suspended solids.