城乡老年人幸福度的特点研究--基于山东省老年人精神状况调查

摘要

To explore the older people's happiness degree and its affect factors. Methods: 322 older people of Shandong area were tested by using of the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness (MUNSH)and the multiple regression analysis was used to analysis the happiness degree and its affect factors. Results:322 older people's happiness degree gets a goal to 35.03±8.10, and there was no statistic difference between male and female. There were statistic differences in different economic income degree, different living arrangements, different marital status, different religious belief, different chronic diseases. The positive temperament feeling experience different from generally positively sex experience get a goal, no chronic diseases get more goal than chronic diseases, the higher the economic income, the higher the goal. religious belief difference statisticses to learn the meaning. The spouse still living's general positive sex experience get a higher goal than those who lose spouse and divorce or single. General positive sex of husband and wife's inmate the experience get a higher goal than those who were lonely or living with old man or son and daughter. The negative temperament feeling experience get a goal, chronic diseases get more goal than no chronic diseases, the lower the economic income, the lower the goal. religious belief difference statisticses to learn the meaning. Diverse return to return analytical result enunciation gradually, to raise the happiness a related factor of old people is to cohabit with spouse, no chronic diseases, higher economic income. Conclusion:This older people's happiness degree regard positive temperament feeling as principle, marital status, economic income and chronic disease have important influence to older people's happiness degree.%目的：研究山东省老年人幸福度的特点，为构建老年人的幸福和谐晚年模式提供依据。方法采用随机抽样方法对山东省部分地区322名老年人幸福度问卷调查。结果322名老年人幸福度得分为(32.73±10.82)分，男性与女性得分的差异无统计学意义，不同经济收入者、不同居住方式、不同婚姻状况、不同宗教信仰和有无慢性病者幸福度得分的差异有统计学意义。正性情感体验和一般正性体验得分，没有慢性病高于有慢性病者，经济收入高者高于经济收入低者，不同宗教信仰者差异有统计学意义。一般正性体验得分，配偶健在者高于丧偶者及离异或未婚者，夫妻同住者高于独居者及与老人或子女同住者；负性情感体验得分，没有慢性病低于于有慢性病者，经济收入高者低于于经济收入低者，不同宗教信仰者差异有统计学意义。多元逐步回归分析结果，提高老年人幸福度相关的因素是与配偶同居、没有慢性病。经济收入高。总结老年人幸福度以正性情感为主，婚姻状况、经济收入及慢性病对老年人幸福度有重要影响。