东营石油污染区微生物多样性及优势菌假单胞菌对甲苯的降解

摘要

目的：随着石油及其产品对环境的污染越来越受到重视，利用土壤微生物修复方法治理石油污染土壤得到了越来越多的关注。土壤中各种微生物可以吸收、降解和转化土壤中的污染物，使污染物的浓度降低或转化为无害的物质。本实验研究了东营石油污染区微生物的多样性及假单胞菌对甲苯的降解。方法对山东东营胜利油田附近区域的土壤微生物群落通过分子生物学方法进行分析研究，用大田实验研究了假单胞菌对甲苯的降解。结果确定了不同污染程度土壤中微生物多样性的变化，证明污染程度不同的区域具有相似的优势菌群。随着污染程度变化，微生物种类有所差异。优势菌群具有良好的污染物降解能力。结论对污染区微生物多样性及菌群对有机物的降解的研究，有助于利用生物降解的方法应对有机物的污染。%Objective With more attention paid to the pollution of oil and its products to the environment,the methods using soil microorganism repair to improve petroleum contaminated soil become more and more signifi-cant.Microorganisms in the soil could absorb,degrade and transform soil pollutants,or reduce the concentration of the pollutants into harmless substance.This experiment studied the microbial diversity of Dongying oil pollution area and the degradation of toluene by pseudomonas.Methods We used molecular biology methods to study the soil microbial communities in the vicinity of the Shandong Dongying Shengli oilfield.The degradation of toluene by pseudomonas was studied by field experiment.Results We confirmed the changes of different degree of pollution in the soil microbial diversity,and the different areas have the similar advantage bacterium groups.With the chan-ges of the degree of pollution,microbial species became different.Advantage bacterium groups had good ability to degrade pollutant.Conclusion The study of microbial diversity in pollution area and the degradation of organics can be used to manage the organic matter pollution with biodegradation.