复合二氧化硅气凝胶的制备及去除石油烃效果

摘要

采用常温常压溶胶-凝胶法掺杂纤维制备气凝胶,以水体中总石油烃(TP H )为目标污染物,确定天然硅酸盐材料复合二氧化硅气凝胶的最佳制备条件.实验结果表明：以TP H为目标污染物,凹凸棒石纤维复合气凝胶制备工艺最佳原料配比为V(正硅酸乙酯)∶V(无水乙醇)∶m(凹凸棒石)∶V(H2 O)∶V(HF)=5∶15∶0.3∶2.5∶0.3,制备环境温度为室温,不调节反应体系pH 值；该条件下制备的复合气凝胶对水体中TPH 的去除率为88.57%.%Aerogel fiber was prepared at room temperature and atmospheric pressure via sol-gel doped fiber method.Taking total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH)as the target pollutant,we can determine the optimal preparation conditions of natural silicate composite silica aerogel.The results show that TPH as the target pollutant,the optimal ratio of raw materials for the composite aerogel was:V(TEOS)∶V(EtOH)∶m(attapulgite)∶V(H2O)∶V(HF)=5∶15∶0.3∶2.5∶0.3.The environmental temperature is room temperature,without the pH regulation of reaction system.At the condition,the removal effect of TPH from water by silica aerogel was 88.57%.