吸附法去除低温水体中的磺胺类抗生素

摘要

针对畜禽养殖过程中使用磺胺类抗生素产生的水环境污染问题,考察天然矿物材料(火山渣)与资源转化材料(骨炭和菌糠)对4种磺胺类抗生素磺胺噻唑(ST)、磺胺甲基嘧啶(SM)、磺胺二甲嘧啶(SM2)和磺胺甲恶唑(SMX)的去除效果及影响因素.结果表明：3种材料对磺胺类抗生素的吸附效果为：菌糠>火山渣>骨炭；当水体中4种抗生素的质量浓度均为5 mg/L 时,菌糠对其吸附率>80%,吸附量为1.60 mg/g；采用质量分数为10%的Al2(SO 4)3改性火山渣和骨炭后,二者对4种抗生素的吸附率>60%,吸附量>0.24 mg/g；最佳吸附 pH 值为4~6；Fe3+,Mn2+,NH +4,Cl-,硬度和碱度等对菌糠吸附磺胺类抗生素的吸附效果影响较大.%In view of the water environment pollution caused by the use of the antibiotics in livestock and poultry breeding,we studied the removal effects and influencing factors of natural mineral materials (volcanic cinder)and resources transformation materials (bone black and fungus chaff)to the adsorption of four kinds of sulfa antibiotics: sulfathiazole (ST ), sulfamethyldiazine (SM), sulfamethazine (SM2)and sulfamethoxazole (SMX).The results show that the adsorption effect of three kinds of materials is in the order of fungus chaff>volcanic cinder>bone black.When the mass concentration of four kinds of antibiotics is 5 mg/L in the water,the adsorption rate of fungus chaff is more than 80%,and the adsorption capacity is 1.60 mg/g.The adsorption rates of volcanic cinder and bone black which modified by the mass fraction of 10% Al2 (SO 4 )3 are more than 60%,and the adsorption capacity is more than 0.24 mg/g.The best adsorption pH value is 4—6,Fe3 + ,Mn2 + , NH 4 + ,Cl- ,solidity and alkalinity have a great influence on the adsorption of sulfa antibiotics by fungus chaff.