Ternary rare earth solid superacid catalyst SO2-4 /Nd2 O3-ZrO2-Fe2 O3 was prepared by using co-precipitation method,which was further applied to the esterification reaction of ethyl acetate. Taking synthesis esterification rate of ethyl acetate as indicative marker,the preparation conditions of ternary rare earth solid superacid catalyst was investigated. Result showed the optimum preparation conditions were as follows:calcination temperature of 550℃,dipping concentration of 1 . 25 mol · L-1 ,aging temperature of -15 ℃. Under these conditions,synthesis esterification rate of ethyl ester have reached 98. 0%. In addition,infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy method were employed to characterize ternary rare earth solid catalysts. The results indicated that:a bridge bidentate was formed between the catalyst surface and SO2-4 ,which possessed high catalytic performance;a certain degree of surface crystalline structure,indicating that the reaction belongs to surface catalysis;the average particle diameter of the catalyst was less than 17 nm, which was in the nanometer scale.%采用共沉淀法制备了三元稀土固体超强酸催化剂SO2-4/Nd2 O3-ZrO2-Fe2 O3，并将其应用于乙酸乙酯的催化合成反应中.以乙酸乙酯的合成酯化率为研究指标，探索了制备三元稀土固体超强酸催化剂42-/Nd2O3-ZrO2-Fe2O3的条件.结果表明最佳制备工艺为：焙烧温度550℃，浸渍液浓度1.25 mol·L-1，陈化温度-15℃.在此条件下，乙酸乙酯合成酯化率达98.0%以上.同时通过红外光谱法、X射线衍射法、透射电镜法对三元稀土固体超强酸催化剂SO2-4/Nd2 O3-ZrO2-Fe2 O3进行了表征.结果表明：催化剂表面与SO2-4形成桥式双配位，具有高催化性能；表面有一定程度的晶态结构，其反应为表面催化；该催化剂其平均粒径小于17 nm，处于纳米尺度.
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