开花后水分胁迫对花生产量形成过程的影响

摘要

根据新疆花生生产实际,在试验田研究了水分胁迫对花生产量形成过程的影响.采用滴灌方式于开花前进行4个水平的水分胁迫处理:T1(100%),T2(50%),13(25%),T4(10%).结果表明:随着水分胁迫的增加,节数、分枝数没有明显变化,主茎长、荚数、成荚率和叶面积指数(LAI)有减少的趋势;T1和T2处理的各指标之间无明显差异,但都远远高于T3和T4处理;T2处理在开花数、果仁数以及整个生育期特别是生育后期的生长速率(CGR)和荚果生长速率(PGR)都高于全量灌水的T1处理,从而导致最终产量T2处理高于T1,成为4个处理中产量最高的处理;产量与PGR呈显著的正相关(r=0.94*),与生育期供水量、CGR及开花后的供水量呈显著的非线性相关.要想达到最佳产量,整个生育期的CGR应约为5.19,开花始期到收获的供水量应维持在177 mm左右.%Based on the actual production of peanut in Xinjiang, the effects of water stress on yield formation process of peanut were studied. Four water stress treatments of drip irrigation as T1 (100％), T2 (50％),T3(25％) and T4(10％) were used before flowering. The results showed that: With the increase of water stress, node number and branch number had no significant change, main stem length, pod number, pod-setting percentage and LAI had a downward trend; Overall, T1 and T2 had no significant difference between various indicators, but much higher than T3 and T4; the number of flower and nuts of T2 were higher than T1 in the whole growth period, especially CGR and PGR in the late growth period, which led to the fact that final production was higher than T1, showing that appropriate control of water will help increase peanut yield; Yield and PGR had a significant positive correlation ( r = 0.94 * ), and water supply of reproductive period, CGR, and the amount of water supply after flowering had significantly non-linear relationship. In order to achieve the best output, CGR in the whole growth period should be about 5.19, and water supply should be maintained at around 177mm from flowering to harvest