The acute toxicity of phenol and the changes of antioxidant enzyme of Takifugu rubripes juvenile with weight of (7.50 ±1.09) g and total length of(7.92 ± 1.38) cm were studied by the static test method. The acute experimental concentrations of phenol were set up at 0, 3.2, 6.5, 10.0, 13.2, 16.5 and 20.0 mg/L, and the exposure time were set up at 24 h, 48 h and 96 h. The sub acute experimental concentrations of phenol were 0, 0.18, 0.32, 0.56, 1.00, 1.35 mg/L and the exposure time was set up at 4, 8, 12, 16 d. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in liver were used as an indicator of phenol pollution on toxicological effect of Takijugu rubripes . The results showed that phenol was a drastic toxicant, the 24 h, 48 h and 96 h median lethal concentrations of phenol were 17.56 mg/L, 15.41 mg/L and 12.09 mg/L respectively, the safe concentration was 1.21 mg/L. Furthermore, the results of sub acute experiment showed that the activities of SOD and GST in the liver tissues of Takifugu rubripes were restrained obviously within 16 d (P < 0.05). With the extension of exposure time, GSH-PX activity first increased and then showed a decreasing trend, the maximum value from high concentration moved towards low-concentration group gradually. Compared to the control group (0 mg/L), the total SOD activity in each group also first increased and then decreased after a downward trend. In addition to 0.18 mg/L concentration, the other concentrations were significantly different(P < 0.05) within 16 d. Basically the concentrations of GST activity decreased gradually with the extension of exposure time.%采用静水生物测试法研究了苯酚对红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)幼鱼的急性毒性并进行安全评价.试验鱼体质量为(7.50±1.09)g,全长(7.92±1.38) cm.根据预试验结果,急性试验设定苯酚质量浓度梯度为0,3.2,6.5,10.0,13.2,16.5,20.0 mg/L,每组试验浓度分别暴露24,48,96 h.亚急性试验设定质量浓度梯度为0,0.18,0.32,0.56,1.00,1.35 mg/L,每组试验浓度分别暴露4,8,12,16 d,以肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽-S转移酶(GST)活性为指标,研究了苯酚污染对红鳍东方鲀幼鱼的毒理作用.结果表明:在急性试验中,苯酚质量浓度的升高会对红鳍东方鲀幼鱼产生较大毒性,暴露24,48,96h的LC50分别为17.56,15.41,12.09 mg/L,安全质量浓度为1.21 mg/L.亚急性试验,不同苯酚浓度处理组的红鳍东方鲀幼鱼在暴露16 d时,肝组织中SOD和GST的活性均表现出被显著抑制(P＜0.05).随着暴露时间的延长,GSH-PX的活性均表现出先升高再降低的趋势,其活力最高值由高浓度组逐渐移向低浓度组；与对照组(0 mg/L)相比,各组总SOD活性随着暴露时间的延长,呈现先降低后升高再下降的趋势,除0.18 mg/L浓度组外,其他浓度组在暴露16 d时,与对照组相比均差异显著(P＜0.05)；各浓度组的GST活性随暴露时间的延长基本呈现逐渐降低的趋势.
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