针对现有异构无线传感器网络分布式分簇结构路由算法的竞选簇头机制并未充分考虑节点位置和剩余能量的影响,提出一种多级异构无线传感器网络能量优化分簇算法.该算法依据节点位置与剩余能量来改进竞选簇头的阈值函数,使得距离基站近且剩余能量高的节点被选举为簇头的机率增大,避免距离基站远的簇头过多而导致簇头死亡过早,从而优化全网能量消耗.理论分析和仿真实验表明新的分簇算法与现有的一些分簇算法相比明显提高了网络生存周期,增加了网络吞吐量.%Considering the fact that the existing clustering routing algorithms for distributed heterogeneous wireless sensor networks to cluster-heads elected mechanism do not consider the effects of node locations and residual energy, we propose an energy optimization clustering algorithm for multilevel heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. In this algorithm, the node locations and the residual energy are considered as factors to choose the cluster-head and to improve threshold function for cluster-head election. The node close to the base station will have greater probability to be the cluster-head, thus avoiding the cluster-heads far from the base station to die prematurely, optimizing the entire network energy consumption. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the new clustering algorithm has significantly improved the network life cycle and increased the network throughput compared with some existing clustering algorithms.
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