植物基因的差异表达是细胞形态和功能多样性的根本原因,也是各种生理及病变过程的物质基础.分析基因差异表达是近30年来分子生物学研究的重点,研究方法也从最早的差减杂交、差异显示PCR和cDNA代表性差异分析等,不断地发展到基于测序的表达系列标签和转录组测序技术,其中高通量测序技术的应用,使得分子生物学进入后基因组时代,特别是转录组测序可高效率、大批量地获取差异表达基因.通过基因差异表达分析,可挖掘农作物的优异农艺性状、高品质、抗性以及杂种优势等相关基因,辅助常规育种,提高农作物的品质、产量、抗性等综合性状,并为探究其机理、机制奠定基础.%Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are the main reason to cause the diversity of the cell morphology and function,and are also the genetic basis for the various physiological and pathological process in plants.Investigating the DEGs has been an important field of molecular biology in the last thirty years.The earliest analysis methods were subtractive hybridization (SH),differential display of reverse transcriptional PCR (DDRT-PCR) and cDNA representational difference analysis (cDNA-RDA),and so on,then serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) and RNA-seq were developed,which based on sequencing technology.The application of high-throughput sequencing technology pushed molecular biology into the post-genome era.The transcriptome sequencing can efficiently obtain plenty of DEGs especially.DEGs analysis can be used to develop genes,which related to beneficial traits including agronomic traits,quality traits,stress resistance and heterosis,and it will be able to assist conventional breeding and improve the quality,yield,resistance and comprehensive traits of crops.
展开▼
