批判与构想：社会主义实践的理论基础--《反杜林论·社会主义篇》解读及其现实意义

摘要

In Anti﹣Duhring ,focusing on the basic principles of historical materialism Engels criticized Duhring's erroneous ideas .In the third part Socialism ,Engels reviewed the development of capitalism and exploration course of socialism ,elaborated the basic theory of historical materialism .He not only criticized sufficiently the intrinsic contradictions of capitalist production relations ,but clarified the historical process of the withering away of the state as well as the new social organization of production .It is these critiques of capitalism and conceptions of socialism that provide a solid theoretical foundation for the socialist practice .%恩格斯在《反杜林论》中集中阐述了唯物史观的基本原理，并对杜林的错误思想进行批判。在第三编社会主义部分，恩格斯对资本主义的发展历程及社会主义的探索历程进行了回顾，阐述了唯物史观的基本理论，对资本主义生产关系的内在矛盾进行了充分的批判，阐明国家消亡的历史过程以及新型的社会生产组织。这些对资本主义的批判和社会主义的构想为之后的社会主义实践提供了坚实的理论基础。