2014年茅尾海海水及表层沉积物中6种重金属污染及评价

摘要

The authorcollected 12 seawater samples and the corresponding marine surface sediments samples from Maowei Sea. The heavy metals content suchas Cu ,Pb ,Zng ,Cd ,Hg ,As in seawater and surface sediments were determined. The index of single factor and geo-accumulation were used to assess heavy metals pollution. The results showed the average concentration of Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg、As were up to the second-class seawater quality standard and water puality standard for fisheries. But the average concentration of Cu、Pb、Zn、Hg were higher than the first-class seawater quality standard. The average pollution level of heavy metals were lower than 1 from the surface sediments ,but the heavy metal Cu , Pb ,Zn ,Cd ,As have exceeded the standard ,exceeded rates were 16. 67%,8. 33%,16. 67%,16. 67%,8. 33%. The geo-accumulation index of Pb ,Zn ,As were smaller ,and the geo-accumulation Index of Cu ,Cd ,Hg were larger. Pollution sites were found nearby Qin River and Tai Lam River estuary.%采集了广西钦州茅尾海12个海水样品和对应的海洋表层沉积物样品，分析了茅尾海海水及表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg、As的含量，并利用单因子污染指数评价了海水及沉积物在该区的污染程度及利用地积累指数法评价了该区表层沉积物的重金属污染程度。结果表明：海水中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg、As平均含量均符合海洋和渔业水质标准，但是，Cu、Pb、Zn、Hg平均含量均超出第一类海洋水质标准。表层沉积物重金属平均污染指数均小于1，均符合一类标准，但是重金属元素Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、As有超标现象，超标率分别是16.67%、8.33%、16.67%、16.67%、8.33%。Pb、Zn、As的地积累指数均较小，Cu、Cd、Hg的地积累指数略大，污染多在钦江和大榄江的入海口附近。