GIn linguistics it is commonly thought that the sentence for a relatively complete ideographic unit of the most common grammatical structure follows the expression of an‘S-P’sentence, described by the main grammatical meaning as‘stated subject-statement’. However, in our analysis of modern Japanese sentences, we find‘S-P’structures using two levels:in the sentence structure, there are‘Topic-predicate’sentences and‘subject-predicate’sentences;while in the sentence component, the two different patterns play different functions. Previous studies failed to distinguish these different levels of‘S-P’structure and function, which can often lead to confusion between the sentence level and the component level. This paper mainly analyzes the Japanese double‘S-P’structure sentences [theme-subject-affective adjectives], and points out that in sentences where the‘Topic-predicate’appears as the framework of the grammatical structure of the sentences, the‘subject-affective adjectives’structure is working as part of the structure of the phrase expression‘predicate’. This article advocates that we should strictly distinguish between the two different concepts of grammatical structure and semantic and pragmatic features of significance, and points out that A) double‘S-P’structure is the result of the structure under different uses of sentence level and component level;and B) in the sentence level,‘S-P’structure frame takes the grammatical meaning, while in the sentence component level,‘S-P’main structure reflects the specific content of each sentence structure used.%普通语言学认为句子为一个相对完整的表意单位，其表意方式的最常用框架性语法结构为“主-谓”句式，表示“被陈述主体-对主体的陈述”语法意义[1]。分析现代日语句子时，我们发现“主-谓”结构的运用有句子的和句子成分的两个层面，句子结构层面上有「は」连接的「主題は-述題」句式和「が」连接的「主語が-述語」句式[2]，同时，这两种不同句式又在构成句子成分的层面上发挥着不同的功能。以往的研究由于没能严格区别不同层面上的“主-谓”结构功能，往往导致句子层面和句子成分层面的混乱。[3]本文通过重点分析日语双重“主-谓”结构句式「主題は-主語が-情意形容詞」句，指出这是以「主題は-述題」为框架性语法结构的句式，句中的「～が情意形容詞」部分是以「主語が-述語」结构构成的短句[4]，整体表达“述题”部分内容。本文主张应严格区别语法意义和词汇语义特征这两个不同概念，指出A）双重“主-谓”句式是该结构在句子层面和句子成分层面的不同运用的结果；B）句子层面的“主-谓”结构表示其框架性语法意义，句子成分层面的“主-谓”结构表示结构中各句子成分的具体内容。
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