Objective To measure LD50 of mice with acute poisoning by thallium nitrate. Methods Total 130 mice with equal males and females were randomly divided into 13 groups, each group with 10 mice. The mice were treated with challium nitrate with different doses, and their toxicity symptoms and death situation within 14 days were observed. The intestine histopathology changes of dead mice were also observed. Then LD50 and its 95 ％ confident limit with probability were calculated by modified Karber's method with death ratio as the evaluation index. The mortality rate of female and male mice was recorded. Results The mice in poisoning group with dose of 87 mg/kg were totally dead in one week. LD50 in mice with thallium nitrate poisoning was 31.02 mg/kg, the 95％ confidence limit was 29.47-32.57 mg/kg. Intestines were the most damaged tissue. The death of thallium-poisoning between female and male mice was not significantly different (P＞0.05).Conclusion Thallium absorption after gastrointestinal tract could cause obvious damage to intestines. The poisonous effect of thallium nitrate on female and male mice is not significantly different.%目的 测定硝酸亚铊急性中毒小鼠的半数致死剂量(median lethal dose,LD50).方法 130只小鼠随机分为13组,每组10只,雌雄各半,给小鼠经口灌入不同剂量的硝酸亚铊水溶液,观察并记录2周内各组小鼠症状、毒性反应及死亡情况,观察死亡小鼠肠道的组织病理学变化.以小鼠死亡率为指标,按改良寇氏法计算其LD50及95%置信区间,并统计不同性别中毒小鼠的死亡情况.结果 87 mg/kg染毒剂量组小鼠1周内全部死亡,硝酸亚铊急性中毒小鼠的LD50值为31.02mg/kg,95%置信区间为29.47～32.57 mg/kg,主要对肠道产生严重损伤.不同性别铊中毒小鼠的死亡率无显著性差异.结论 铊经胃肠道吸收后对肠道损害明显,对雌雄小鼠的毒性无明显差异.
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