基于专利数据的中国农业生物技术发展现状研究*

摘要

以中国发明专利数据库收录的农业生物技术相关专利为研究对象，利用专利计量的分析方法和可视化的分析工具，从专利管理、专利技术和专利法律状态三个层面对中国农业生物技术的发展现状进行分析。结果表明：中国农业生物技术正处于蓬勃发展中，专利申请量较多的省市是北京、上海和江苏等，美日等国在我国农业生物技术领域的专利申请数量也占有一定比例，从申请量排名看，高校比企业强、申请主体较集中，但就申请总量而言，企业的居多、申请主体较分散；农业生物技术领域的研究热点主要是微生物或酶、变异或遗传工程等，且与其他方面研究关联较大；从专利的法律状态可看出我国申请人的专利保护意识还有待加强。%Based on the agri-biotechnology patents collected in Chinese invention patent database, this paper analyzes the development status of Chinese agri-biotechnology by using the patentometrics method and visualization tool in three levels of patent management, patent technology and legal status of patent. The results show that Chinese agri-biotechnology is still in a boom at present. Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu province have more patent applications than other provinces. It is worth mentioning that USA and Japan have also applied related patents in China. Colleges and universities are stronger in their research power than enterprises in terms of applications ranking, and appli-cants are intensively distributed among them. Enterprises have applied more patents than colleges and universities in terms of total applica-tions, but the applicants are dispersed. Current research focuses on the study about microorganisms or enzymes, mutation or genetic engi-neering, and they are closely related to other fields. As for the legal status of patent, it is found that the patent protection awareness of ap-plicants still needs to be strengthened.