胶州湾表层沉积物重金属分布特征及污染评价

摘要

为评价胶州湾跨海大桥的建设对其沉积物中重金属分布的影响,于2009年7月采集了黄海胶州湾11个站位的表层沉积物,测定了沉积物中的重金属含量.结果显示,胶州湾沉积物重金属污染程度较低,Hg、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Ni、Co、Mn 8种重金属的平均含量分别为0.031、19.05、12.7、51.14、0.055、17.31、8.24、775 mg/kg.根据地质累积指数法和Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法分别对重金属的污染和潜在生态危害程度进行了评价,结果显示胶州湾沉积物的重金属污染程度总体较轻,但Hg污染较为严重.各站位之间重金属含量分布比较平均,说明跨海大桥的修建引起沉积物搅动,污染物存在交叉污染的潜在风险.%Surface sediment samples were collected from eleven stations of Jiaozhou Bay, the Yellow Sea in July 2009, and concentrations of eight heavy metals were measured. Effects of the construction of Jiaozhou Bay Bridge on metal distribution and contamination were evaluated. The concentrations of heavy metals were generally low in this survey, in which the average concentrations of Hg, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Co, Mn were 0.031, 19.05, 12.7, 51.14, 0.055, 17.31, 8.24, 775 mg/kg, respectively. The pollution levels and potential ecological risks of heavy metals were e-valuated by Geoaccumulation index and Hankanson's method. The results displayed that almost all the metals were at low pollution levels except for Hg. The heavy metal distribution among stations in this survey suggested the disturbance of sediments by the construction of oversea bridge, which might increase the risk of cross-contamination of pollutants in sediments.