华东地区矿产资源开发规模扩张的生态环境响应演化

摘要

华东地区是我国钨、铜、铁、铀等矿业基地,但矿产资源的开发面临生态环境恶化的巨大挑战.本文构建了矿产资源开发规模扩张的生态环境响应指数、评价体系以及响应度模型,以江西省为例分析矿产资源开发规模扩张的生态环境响应演化态势,测算结果表明该区域2003~2013年矿产资源开发规模逐步扩大,矿产资源开发扩张指数总体也呈上升趋势,对矿产资源开发规模的生态环境响应指数首先具有"负响应",2009年后转为"正响应",矿产资源开发规模扩张对生态环境影响程度也从威胁到促进的转变态势.说明近年来该区域矿产资源对生态环境造成的压力虽然日益增大,但短期内生态环境水平指数会随着矿产资源开发规模的下降继续保持上升趋势.%East China region is the base of tungsten,copper,iron,uranium and other mining industry,but the mineral resources exploitation is facing the great challenge of ecological environment deterioration.This paper created the ecological environment response in-dex,the evaluation system and the response model;taking Jiangxi province as an example analyzed the evolution of ecological environment response to mineral resources exploitation.The results show that the scale of mineral resources exploitation in this area gradually expanded from 2003 to 2013,the expansion index of mineral resources exploitation was also on the rise,the response index of the ecological environ-ment of the scale of mineral resources exploitation was the "negative response" at first,then change to "positive response" after 2009,the impact extent of the mineral resources exploitation scale expansion to the ecological environment changed from threat to promote.It il-lustrates that the pressure on the ecological environment caused by the mineral resources in the region is increasing in recent years,but the short-term ecological environment level index will go upwards with the decline of mineral resources exploitation scale.