突破性技术创新的影响因素研究——基于战略与组织的视角

摘要

企业的可持续发展离不开其突破性技术创新能力的提升,然而目前对突破性技术创新的研究仍然是以定性研究为多而定量研究为少,关于突破性技术创新的成因的研究则相对更少.本文从战略和组织的双重视角出发,在对现有文献进行回顾和归纳的基础上,提出了本文的研究假设,并运用中国的企业样本,采取多源数据取样的研究设计以降低同源误差的影响,运用层级回归方程对所提出的假设进行了实证验证,研究结果发现,有机式组织结构对突破性技术创新具有显著的正向影响,探索者战略也有利于突破性技术创新能力的提升,而有机式组织结构与探索者战略的交互对突破性技术创新也具有显著的正向影响.最后讨论了本文的研究启示以及未来研究方向.%Rapid IT development and global economic integration have forced enterprises to quickly adapt to market changes since 1990s. Enterprises are transforming innovation patterns from incremental innovation to radical innovation. The purpose of this paper is to understand effective strategies and organizational structures that can support radical innovation via theoretical deduction and empirical evidence.Technological innovation is a multi-dimensional concept. We categorize technological innovation into incremental and radical innovations. Radical innovation differs from incremental innovation in its capability to develop new products, transform performance in processes or services, or greatly enhance the performance characteristics and cost structure. We assert that organic organization structure and prospector strategy are essential to the success of radical innovation.We propose that both organic organizational structure and prospector strategy are positively correlated with radical innovation. The interaction between these two antecedents is also positively related to radical innovation. Our survey instrument is based on the questionnaire published in the international journals and modified for Chinese society. We conduct a survey with subjects in Beijing, Inner Mongolia and Shanxi provinces on-site and via mails. We receive 193 valid questionnaires, a 42. 89% response rate. We assess the reliability and validity of the adopted survey instrument, and conduct a hierarchical regression method to validate our proposed hypotheses. Our test results show that organic organizational structure and prospector strategy have positive influence on radical innovation.This paper makes two important contributions to the current literature: ( 1 ) provide an explanation of the relationship between organizational structure and radical innovation from Chinese perspectives, and (2) offer a new perspective of the positive relationship between prospector strategy and radical innovation. An enterprise can accelerate the radical innovation speed via improving organizational structure and prospector strategy.