以田间连续多年试验为手段，探讨了精细地面灌（水平格田灌）、地表滴灌和地下滴灌3种灌水模式分别在4种灌溉制度下对冬小麦根系空间分布以及多年产量的影响，试验结果表明，在灌水下限和灌溉定额相同时，灌水方式对冬小麦根系在行上和行间的空间分布规律存在显著影响，精细地面灌和地表滴灌显著促进根系在0—50cm土壤中的分布，而地下滴灌条件下作物根系在0～100cm土壤中分布的相对均匀一些；冬小麦的产量与灌溉定额呈现一定正相关性，灌溉制度对冬小麦产量存在显著影响，滴灌模式下作物产量多年连续稳定的几率大于精细地面灌。此外，非充分灌条件下，滴灌模式较精细地面灌提高作物产量的优势明显。%In this paper, different irrigation methods, including basin irrigation, drip irrigation and subsurface drip irrigation, and four irrigation schedules for each irrigation method were selected to investigate the effects of different irrigation models on the space distribution of root system and yield of winter wheat by field experiment for three years. The results revealed that irrigation methods affect the space distribution of root system obviously under the same irrigation schedule. The basin irrigation and drip irrigation significantly boosted space distribution of root system at 0-50cm soil layer compared to subsurface drip irrigation, but the space distribution of root system appeared even at 0-100cm soil layer under subsurface drip irrigation. The research results also revealed the positive correlation of crop yield to irrigation norm, and the irrigation schedules had significant effect on crop yield, and drip irrigation models could attain continuous and stable crop yields for many years compared with basin irrigation. In addition, drip irrigation models had notable advantages in terms of increasing crop yield compared with basin irrigation under deficit irrigation.
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