地方政府竞争：理解中国旅游经济现象的重要视角

摘要

The deep reasons for the phenomenon such as tourism resources race,heritage declare hot,product homogeneity,disorder advance in price of scenic spot＇s admissionand the failure of regional tourism cooperation are due to the excessive competition among local governments in tourism economy development in China.Under the current system,the root of the government competition in tourist site is the central and local administrative decentralization,the market-oriented in allocating resources,the economic-oriented in political achievement examinational system,and the substantive weakening of supervision and auditing mechanisms aggravates competition.Dispelling the negative impact on tourism development of the local government excessive competition need to clear the relationship between the central and local authorities,reform the political achievement examinational system and strengthen the restraint mechanism.And also,it will be a progressive long-term process.%中国旅游经济发展中旅游资源争夺战、遗产申报热、产品同质化、景区门票无序涨价、区域旅游合作失灵等现象存在的深层次原因在于地方政府之间的过度竞争。在现行体制下,旅游地政府竞争的根源在于中央与地方之间的行政性分权、资源配置的市场化转轨、政绩考核制度的经济化导向,监督与约束机制的实质性弱化加剧了竞争。消解地方政府过度竞争对旅游发展的负面影响需要明确中央与地方政府之间关系、改革政绩考核制度、强化约束机制,将是一个循序渐进的长期过程。