从传统到近代的嬗变--近代文官考选制度浅析

摘要

鸦片战争后，古代文官考选制度——科举制面临前所未有的冲击，新的考选制度——近代文官考选制度在漫长的科举补直改良中孕育形成。袁世凯为加强专制统治，举行了民国时期第一次文官普通考试，从而使近代文官考选制度有了雏形，蒋介石出于种种目的客观上践行了孙中山的“五权分立”思想，设考试院、举行首届文官高等考试。近百年来，文官考选制度在困厄中实现了近代化。%After the opium war the ancient official examination system was punched by the new examination system for selection of government official. The modern official examination is born from the reform of the ancient imperial civil examination system. Yuan Shi-kai the president of Republic of China opened the first civil official examination after the establishment of the Republic of China. That examination becomes the first time of official selection in the contemporary examination system. Jiang kaishek continued SUN Yetsan’s ideas of the Five-branch Powers Government Constitution to set up the examination institution. The first civil government official was examined. The civil official examination system is come true in difficult conditions.