近代以来，随着资本主义生产关系的发展，雇佣劳动逐渐成为中国矿业中主要的生产组织方式，然而，一些地方还残留着野蛮的奴役制劳动。奴役制劳动与雇佣劳动的本质区别在于劳动者没有人身自由，工人与矿方不存在契约关系，因此从事奴隶劳动的矿工命运更为悲惨，他们是一群“用生命在劳动”的特殊群体。奴役制劳动的惨无人道以及所造成的问题与现代文明社会格格不入，严重损害了中国矿业的前途，历届政府曾采取措施禁绝这一制度，然而效果甚微，其背后隐藏着深刻的经济、政治和社会根源。%In modern times, with the development of capitalist production relation , employment labor has gradually become the mainstream in the production of the mining industry .However,brutal slave labor still existed in some places.The essential difference between the slave labor and the employment labor are that the slave laborers don't enjoy personal freedom and the employers don't sign an employment contract with the la-borers.Therefore,the slave miners live a more miserable life and they are a special group of people who work at the risk of life.The slave labor is brutal,inhuman and brings about some serious problems,which is incom-patible with the modern civilization and hinders the development of Chinese mining industry that successive Chinese governments have tried to ban this system ,but the efforts were in vain.The underlying causes are the profound roots of economy,politics and society.
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