基于江苏省淮安、扬州和徐州三地农户调查数据，从投入产出和平均成本角度实证检验土地细碎化和地块规模对农业产量和成本的影响。研究发现，农业生产存在规模报酬递增特征，土地细碎化通过改变要素的边际产出弹性而作用于整个农业生产系统，从而降低农作物产量。农业劳动机会成本越高的地区，负面影响更明显，辛普森指数每增加1个单位带来平均成本增加39％，地块规模适度扩大有利于平均成本下降，地块规模每增加1个单位带来平均成本下降8％。积极稳妥推进土地流转，适度扩大地块规模，有利于发挥潜在的地块规模经济效应。%Based on the household data of Yangzhou , Huaian and Xuzhou in Jiangsu Province , this paper empirically analyses the impacts of land fragmentation and plot size on yields and average cost from the per -spective of input-output and cost .The results reveal that the positive returns to scale exist in agricultural pro-duction and land fragmentation reduces the yields by the change in marginal output of agricultural inputs .A one-unit increase in the Simpson index leads to 39%increase in the average cost , and a one-unit increase in plot size causes an 8%decline in average cost .The moderate expansion of plot size contributes to reducing average cost .The paper implies that steadily promoting land transfer and moderately expanding plot size are the favourable ways of realizing the potential economies of scale .
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