家福捕鸟蛛粗毒对美洲蜚蠊和小鼠半致死剂量的测定

摘要

家福捕鸟蛛是一种生活在中国广西、云南等省山区，中等个体，产毒量较大蜘蛛新种.研究发现它的毒液中含有许多不同活性的成分.为了更好地开发利用该种生物资源，评估其毒性大小，测定了家福捕鸟蛛粗毒对美洲蜚蠊和小鼠的半致死剂量.家福捕鸟蛛粗毒对美洲蜚蠊具有较强的毒性，低剂量的粗毒对美洲蜚蠊具有一定的毒性，高剂量的粗毒能够使美洲蜚蠊在几分钟内致死.家福捕鸟蛛粗毒对美洲蜚蠊的半致死剂量为85.90μg∕g.但家福捕鸟蛛粗毒对小鼠的毒性较弱，当注射剂量达到10 mg∕kg 体重时小鼠未见明显的中毒症状.当注射的粗毒剂量达到46.30 mg∕kg 时小鼠在24 min 内死亡.家福捕鸟蛛粗毒可能主要是一类选择性作用于昆虫的蜘蛛毒素.%Selenocosmia jiafu (S .jiafu) is recently identified as a new species of spider in China .These medium bodied venomous spiders are distributed mainly in the hilly areas of southwest of China ,mostly at Yunnan and Guangxi Province .The venom of this spider contains many components with different types of biological activity . In order to explore the utility of this rich source and assess the crude venom’s toxicity , Median lethal dose of S . jiafu crude venom on Cockroach and mouse was determinate . Toxicity experiments revealed that Intra - abdominal injection of the crude venom had severe toxic effects on cockroaches and caused death at higher concentrations within minutes .The LD50 of crude venom on cockroach was 85.90 μg∕g body weight .Its effect on mice was elusive .There was no observable symptom or behavioral change detected after intra - peritoneal injection of the crude venom even at doses up to 10 mg∕kg body weight .The mouse died after being injected the crude venom of the dose of 46.30 mg∕kg body weight within 24 minutes .The data indicated that the S .jiafu crude venom was a kind of spider toxins affecting on insects selectively .