族群历史、底层意识与地域叙事--论陇南白马藏族民间故事题材的主要类型

摘要

Longnan Baima Tibetan folk tales have difference in version and symbiosis in plot in the process of spreading.Although the themes derive from a variety of sources,the main types can be classified as ethnic history,presentation of art,the oral record of consciousness of the bottom and geographical narrative with characteristic folk flavor.The important types and themes of the stories show the magical imagination of the Baima Tibetan and reproduce the history of their hard life.The styles of the stories are either passionate or dis-tressed and aggrieved,with their contents squeezing a message of happiness,loneliness and bitterness,tough-ness,and relentless enterprising.Their rich experiences and values gives people deep insight into their status of existence,which is of unique theatrical vitality,very complex and changeable,thus deepening the multi-dimensional understanding of Baima Tibetan literature and culture.%陇南白马藏族民间故事在流传过程中具有版本差异性和情节共生性，题材来源虽然多种多样，但归纳其主要的类型，分别是族群历史的艺术呈现、底层意识的口传记录和地域叙事的民间色彩。这些重要故事题材类型，表现着白马藏族神奇丰富的想象力和艰难民族生活史的再现，格调或热情奔放，或忧愁哀怨，内容饱含欢乐、寂苦、坚韧、不懈进取等丰富经历和价值取向，为人们认识白马藏族独特的文艺生命力、复杂而多变的生存状态提供了指针，从而加深了人们对白马藏族文学与文化方面的多维理解。