新注册资本制度下的债权人保护问题研究

摘要

新《公司法》的最大亮点就是废除了最低注册资本制度,实行注册资本认缴制.但是,最低注册资本制度废除后,债权人失去了一个评判交易对象的标准.面对公司滥设甚至利用公司实施违法行为的现实危机,如何有效地保护债权人的利益成为亟待解决的问题.面对这一问题,应从借鉴国外经验、完善现有制度方面入手,以建立股东担保机制和规制盈余分配来保证公司资本维持,以完善现有的信息披露制度和建立公司信用评估体系来增强公司经营的透明度,以完善法人人格否认制度和引进衡平居次原则来保障债权人在公司破产时的权益.综合运用各项法律措施切实保护债权人的利益,进而保障新《公司法》司法实践的顺利进行.%One of the most essential bright sparks among the new Company Law is the abolition of the minimum registered capital system, implementing the subscription registration system for registered capital.Nevertheless, after the minimum registered capital system abolished, creditors could lose a criterion to judge transaction objects.In the face of realistic crisis concerning abusive incorporation and even illegal acts taking advantage of companies, it has yet become an urgent issue with regard to how to shield creditors' rights and interests effectively.Confronted with this matter, we should set about from drawing on foreign experiences and improving the existing system: it aims to ensure capital maintenance by establishing a shareholder security mechanism and regulating distribution of gains;it aims to raise the transparency of company's operations by boosting the current information disclosure regime and forming a credit evaluation system;it aims to safeguard the rights and interests of creditors whilst the company goes bankrupt by enhancing the disregard of corporate personality and introducing equitable subordination doctrine.It facilitates the protection of creditors' benefits tangibly by virtue of comprehensively various legal measures, thereby securing the new Company Law carried out well in judicial practice.