基于RS和GIS技术的深圳市斜坡类地质灾害易发程度评价

摘要

为了对深圳市斜坡类地质灾害的易发程度进行评价与制图,掌握地质灾害在深圳的分布情况及影响因素,采用定性与定量相结合的方法,以RS和GIS为技术基础,对深圳市地质灾害的影响因子进行空间查询、缓冲区分析、叠加分析和统计分析等,认为地质灾害与影响因子(坡度、岩性与岩组、距水系距离、距断裂距离及其植被覆盖)的关系密切.采用层次分析法计算地质灾害的影响因子权重,将权重值的计算结果赋值到单元格网影响因子数据层,利用GIS空间分析功能将深圳市斜坡类地质灾害分为4个等级,即高易发区、中易发区、低易发区和不易发区.结果显示,该方法提高了分析效率,改变了传统的评价模式,减少了成本.%In order to evaluate and map the susceptibility of geological disaster of Shenzhen's slope,to master the distribution and influence factors of geological disasters in Shenzhen,it is adopted the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.Based on GIS and RS,spatial query,buffer analysis,overlay analysis and statistical analysis are used to the influence factors of geological disasters,the result shows that the relationship between geological disasters and infecting factors (slope,rock group,distance from the water system,distance from the fault and vegetation coverage) are close.And the weight of the impact factor of the geological disaster is calculated using the analytic hierarchy process,to assign the calculation result of the weight value to the data layer of the grid influence factor,and divide the slope disaster in Shenzhen into four grades using the GIS spatial analysis function:high prone area,middle prone area,low prone area and no prone area.The results shows that this method can improves the efficiency of analysis,and change the traditional evaluation mode,and reduce the cost.