以中国玉米生产上常用的5个黄改系为父本,10个含有国外种质的自选系为母本,利用NCⅡ试验设计对这些黄改系穗部性状的遗传规律进行了分析.结果表明,黄改系lx9801穗部性状的一般配合力较高,组配优良杂交组合的概率较高;浚926和浚928穗部性状的特殊配合力较高,容易组配高产的玉米新品种.昌7-2和K 17与穗部性状一般配合力好或特殊配合力方差大的自交系能组配出优良的杂交组合.同时发现穗长是影响玉米产量的首要穗部性状,与子粒重的通径系数最大,且可以在早代进行选择.%Five Huangzaosi improved lines and ten inbred lines selected from foreign germplasm were used as paternal and maternal lines to produce 50 crosses according to NC Ⅱ experimental design, and the crosses were used to analyze the genetic mechanism of ear related traits. The results showed that the inbred line lx 9801 had high general combing ability, and implied high frequency of producing elite hybrid combination. The inbred line Xun 928 and Xun 926 were majored in their high special combining ability for ear traits, providing possibility of new hybrid with high yield. The inbred line Chang 7-2 and K 17 also had potential for forming excellent hybrid when crossed with lines of high general combining ability or variance of special combining ability on ear traits. Ear length is the first factor influencing yield with the largest path coefficient and can be selected during earlier generation.
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