河南省不同土壤类型烤烟吸钾特性比较研究

摘要

The effect of potassium absorption of flue-cured tobacco in different types of soil was investigated by pot experiments to provide scientific basis for reasonable potassium application in the tobacco-growing area of Henan province. The results showed that the potassium application in yellow cinnamon soil, cinnamon soil and red clay had an increase trend in agronomic characters compared with no-patassium treatment after transplanting 60 days. The dry matter accumulation rate of the three different types of soil by potassium application followed the order;red clay?cinnamon soil>yellow cinnamon soil. The total potassium content in different parts of tobacco significantly increased with the potassium application,among which potassium application in cinnamon soil could significantly improve the content of potassium (3. 404%) in leaves after transplanting 90 days. The content of available K in three different types of soil increased rapidly at the initial stage and reduced gradually at the later stage, which declined most (33. 0 mg/kg) in cinnamon soil. The utilization percent of potassium fertilizer of yellow cinnamon soil, cinnamon soil and red clay were 15. 24%,40. 96% and 38. 85% respectively. Therefore,we should pay more attention to the supply of potassium fertilizer in cinnamon soil.%为探讨不同土壤类型对烤烟钾吸收特性的影响,给河南省各烟区科学合理施用钾肥提供理论依据,采用盆栽试验研究了黄褐土、褐土和红黏土3种土壤类型烤烟的钾吸收状况.结果表明,黄褐土、褐土和红黏土施钾处理与不施钾相比,在移栽后60d烤烟生物学性状指标都有一定的提高,3种土壤类型的施钾处理烤烟干物质积累强度表现为红黏土＞褐土＞黄褐土.施用钾肥能显著提高烟株中各部位全钾含量,褐土施用钾肥对叶片中钾含量的提高最显著,移栽后90d的烤烟叶片钾含量为3.404％.3种土壤类型施钾处理土壤中速效钾含量均呈现初期迅速增加后期逐渐下降的过程,褐土的速效钾含量下降最多(33.0mg/kg).黄褐土、褐土和红黏土钾肥利用率分别为15.24％、40.96％和38.85％.因此,在褐土上应特别注意钾素的补充.